Broxbourne: Waltham Cross ward, after the death of Labour councillor Malcolm Aitken. Term ends 2020.
Cheshire East: Bollington ward, after the resignation of Conservative councillor Jon Weston in protest at the cut to school buses. Term ends 2019.
Fife: Leven, Kennoway and Largo ward, after the resignation of Scottish National Party councillor Alistair Hunter, who is emigrating to Australia. Term ends May next year.
Newcastle upon Tyne: Blakelaw ward, after the resignation of Labour councillor Ben Riley who is taking a job overseas. Term ends 2018.
Tandridge: Valley ward, after the resignation of Liberal Democrat councillor Jill Caudle. Term ends 2019.